p. 77-93
Sabine Dedenbach-Salazar Sáenz/Katja Hannß*
Chipaya case markers -kiś and -kin: Subject and speaker reference
Resumen:En esta contribución presentamos un primer análisis de dos marcadores de locativo/dirección de la lengua amerindia chipaya que es hablada por ca. 1.800 personas en la comunidad de Santa Ana de Chipaya, situada en el altiplano de Bolivia (Dept. de Oruro). Un elemento especial del sistema de casos del chipaya son los sufijos -kiś y -kin que marcan dirección, complemento indirecto y locativo. De ambos cada uno cumple las tres funciones. Mientras que una marcación parecida también se encuentra en otras lenguas, el chipaya muestra una característica adicional. El sufijo -kiś siempre marca cercanía y siempre se refiere a la relación entre el complemento y el sujeto; el marcador de distancia, en cambio, se comporta de manera diferente. Con un complemento indirecto indica que el lugar marcado por él está lejos del sujeto; con un complemento locativo marca que no es el sujeto que determina su uso sino el punto de referencia del hablante.
Summary:In this paper we present a first analysis of two location/direction markers of the Amerindian Chipaya language, which is spoken by ca 1,800 persons in the Bolivian Altiplano village of Santa Ana de Chipaya (Dept. Oruro). Distinctive features of the Chipaya case marking system are the directional, indirect complement and locative marking suffixes -kiś and -kin. Each covers all three functions. Whilst similar case marking is also found in other languages, Chipaya shows a further peculiarity. The suffix -kiś always marks closeness and always refers to the relationship between subject and complement, but the distance marker -kin behaves differently. With an indirect complement it indicates that the location marked by it is distant from the subject; with a locative complement it is the speaker’s standpoint and not the subject that determines its
usage.
* Sabine Dedenbach-Salazar Sáenz is Senior Lecturer in Latin American and Amerindian Studies at the School of Languages, Cultures and Religions at Stirling University (Scotland). Her research focuses on the Andean cultures, combining the study of their ethnohistory with that of ethnolinguistic, formal linguistic and discourse-related aspects of the native languages. Her most recent research projects have been dedicated to the Chipaya language, Bolivia, and aspects of microhistory in Puno, Peru; a project on the language of Christianization is in progress.
Katja Hannß is Lecturer at the Department of Linguistics at Konstanz University (Germany). Her main interests are in the Andean languages. Her most recent research concerns the description of the extinct Uru language of Lake Titicaca and the participant marking system of Chipaya. Apart from formal linguistics, she is also interested in anthropological linguistics and ethnohistory.